Target, biological
Any organism, organ, tissue, cell or cell
constituent that is subject to the action of a
pesticide or its residue. |
生物標的
任何受農藥或其殘留量作用之生物個體．器
官、組織、細胞或胞器。 |
Technical material
Commercial grade of the pesticide as it comes
from the manufacturing plant comprising the
active ingredient and associated impurities. It
may also contain small quantities of additives
necessary for stability. |
工業級原體
田農藥製造業者提供之未加工農藥．內含有
效成分及相關之不純物．或含為維持安定性
之少量添加成分。 |
Test guideline
Guideline published by an appropriate authority
for the order or conduct of certain tests |
測試標準
由主管機關公告之試驗標準。 |
Test portion (analytical portion)
Subsample, or proper size for a chemical
analysis or other test, removed from the test
sample, (after Horwitz, 1990) |
供試分樣
供特定試驗使用由供試樣品中取出之適量。 |
Test sample (analytical sample)
Homogenous sample, prepared from the
laboratory sample by mixing. Grinding,
blending, fine-chopping etc., from which test
portions are removed for analysis with minimal
sampling error. (Horwitz, 1990) |
供試樣品
實驗室樣品經充分混合、研磨、打碎等方式
使之均勻而成之試樣。 |
Test substance
The pesticide as a chemical substance or
mixture which is under investigation in a GLP
study |
供試物質
一種或混合成分供試驗觀察之農藥。 |
Test system
Each system (animal, plant, microbial, other
cellular, subcellular; chemical, or physical or a
combination thereof) used in a study. |
供試系統
指供試之動物、植物．微生物或化學、物理
以及其組合成之測試系統。 |
Theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI)
A prediction of the maximum daily intake of a
pesticide residue, based on the assumption of
levels of residues in food at maximum residue
limits and average daily consumption of food
per person. The TMDI is expressed in
milligrams of residue per person. (WHO, 1989) |
最高每日容許攝取理論值
依據食物中最高農藥殘留量以及每人每日之
食物消耗量估算之最高殘留農藥撮取限量。 |
Threshold
Concentration of a pesticide in an organism or
environmental compartment below which an
adverse effect is not expected. |
臨界量
不致對環境或生物產生負作用之臨界農藥濃
度。 |
TID
Thermionic delector (cf NPD, AFID) |
熱離子偵測器 |
TLC
Thin layer chromatography. |
薄層分析 |
Tolerable daily intake
Term preferred by the European Commission
for acceptable daily intake of environmental
contaminants. ADI is reserved for pesticides and
food additives where extensive toxicological test
data is available. |
每日容許攝取量
歐洲議會採用對環境污染物之ADI。ADI則
專供已經毒理試驗之農藥與食品添加物使
用。 |
Tolerance, residue
See maximum residue limit |
殘留容許量 |
Total diet study
Pesticide residue monitoring to establish the
pattern of residue intake by a person consuming
a defined diet. Primary sampling is as for a
market basket survey but the samples are further
processed as for domestic consumption i.e.
further trimming and cooking as appropriate to
local practice. |
完全食譜研究
用以建立特定取食類型之殘留農藥撮取的農
藥殘留監測研究。通常依據市場消費調查結
果進行採樣．並經當地之食前處理。 |
Toxification
See bioactivation |
生物活化作用 |
Transformation product
Chemical species resulting from environmental
or metabolic processes on a pesticide. See also
degradation product, metabolite. |
轉化產物
農藥經環境或代謝作用轉變生成之化學成
分。另見降解、代謝產物。 |
Translocation
Movement of a substance within the test system
or organism. |
移行
化學物質在生物或受試系統中之移動， |
Transpiration
Vaporization of water from a leaf into the air. |
蒸發
水份由植物葉部蒸散至空氣中的現象。 |
Treated solution
Test solution that has been subjected to reaction
or separation procedures prior to measurement
of some property. |
處理溶液
供試溶液在測量某種特定性質前經化學反應
或分離程序處理者。 |
Trigger value
Numerical value for a property of a pesticide, set
by regulatory authorities, which determines the
sequence and type of tests in a tiered assessment
scheme. See also cut-off value. |
制動值
農藥性質之數值．因管制目的而定義．用以
決定所需進行之評估流程。 |
Trophic level
Functionally similar organisms such as algae
and plants as primary producers are grouped
into trophic levels based on similarities in the
patterns of food production and consumption. |
營養層
依據對食物生產與消費形式．將功能相近之
生物組合而成．如藻類與植物為初級生產
者。 |
