Carrier
Solid formulant added to a technical material as
an absorbent or diluent.(CFAO, 1995) |
載體
加入農藥原體中作為吸附劑或稀釋劑之固
體製劑成分。 |
Carryover (analytical)
Unintended contamination of a sample
undergoing analysis with material from a
previous sample. |
移轉污染 (分析)
分析樣品中來自過去分析樣品之污染。 |
Carryover (field)
Persistence of pesticide residues in soil after use
in one crop such that uptake is observed in a
succeeding possibly more sensitive crop. |
移轉污染 （田間）
因吸收前期作物栽培期施用農藥之土壤殘留
量所造成之作物農藥殘留量。 |
Caiabolisin
Oxidative biodegradation of a pesticide to
provide chemically available energy and
generate metabolic intermediates, (after IUPAC, 1992) |
異化作用、降解代謝
農藥氧化的生物代謝．可產生代謝中間產物
並釋放出能量 |
Catchment
Land and water confined within a single
drainage basin. |
集水區
單一流域範圍內之土地及水體。 |
Certified reference material
Reference material accompanied by a
certificate, whose pesticide concentrations are
certified by procedures which establish their
traceability and for which each certified
concentration is accompanied by an uncertainty
at a slated level of confidence. Storage
conditions and period for which the certification
remains valid may also be included for unstable
materials, (after Thompson and Woods, 1995) |
認證參考物質
具有證明之參考物質 其所含農藥濃度經分
析確證可資查考．且其不確定性程度亦予載
明。對於不穩定之物質，亦可包含其儲存條
件及保存期限等． |
Chronic effect
Consequence of exposures to a pesticids which
arises slowly and has a long-lasting, often
irreversible course, (after Duffus. 1993) |
慢性影響
連續性暴露於農藥而引起之長期且經常是不
可復原之危害。 |
Chronic exposure
Continued exposures occurring over an
extended period of time. or a significant fraction
of the lifetime of the exposed individuals or test
species, (after Duffus, 1993) |
長期暴露
個體或供試動物長時期或終其一生暴露於某
物質。 |
Chronic toxicity
Capacity for a pesticide to produce injury
following chronic exposure or to produce effects
which persist whether or not they occur
immediately upon exposure or are delayed-
(afier Duffus, 1993) |
慢毒性
長期暴露而引起傷害或產生不良影響的農藥
量。 |
Co-metabolism
Microbial metabolism of a pesticide where the
derived energy is not used to support m-icrobial
growth. Cf. catabolism. |
協同代謝
農藥由微生物代謝其所產生之能量並不供微
生物生長所用。 |
Common moiety
Molecular sub-unit which is common to the
structures of several pesticides or metabolites. |
共通結構
仕數種農藥或代謝產物分子結構中相同之結
構部份。 |
Community
Assembly of populatlons of different species of
living organisms (quite often interdependent on
and interacting with each other) within a
specified location in space and time. See also
ecosystem. (US-EPA, 1992) |
群落
不同種生物族群在相同之時空聚集．通常種
間相互依存．相互影響。 |
Compartment
Part of an organism or ecosystem considered as
an independent system for purposes of
assessment of uptake, distribution and
dissipation of a pesticide. (US-EPA, 1992) |
區隔
為評估農藥之吸收、分佈及分解所認定為獨
立系統的部份生態系或生物體。 |
Compliance (GLP)
see GLP compliance statement. |
遵從優良實驗操作
參看優良實驗操作。 |
Compliance (residue)
Meeting of official maximum residue limit
(MRL) standards by residue levels in food
consignments sampled and tested by approved
methods. |
運從最高殘留限值標準
經由核准的取樣及分析方法所得殘留量符合
最高殘留量限值標準。 |
Composite sample
Combined increment samples or combined
replicate samples, or combined samples from
replicate trials. Preferred term to bulk sample
which is ambiguous. (Horwitz, 1990). See also
aggregate sample, primary sample. |
混合樣品
混合同批取樣之樣品或重複樣品．或取自重
複試驗之樣品。 |
Concentration-effect relationship
Association between the exposure concentration
of the pesticide and the magnitude of the
resultant continuously graded change either in
an individual organism or in a population, (after
Duffus. 1993) |
濃度效應關係
農藥之暴露量與對在其暴露下之生物體或生
物族群所產生影響程度間之關係。 |
Conjugation
Biosynthetic reaction in which a pesticide or its
metabolite is linked to an endogenous
compound. See also endocon, exocon, phase II
metabolism. |
結合作用
農藥或其代謝產物與生物體內物質相結合之
生物合成作用。 |
Contaminant
1.Minor impurity in a substance. 2. Extraneous
material added to a sample prior to or during
chemical or biological analysis. 3. Unintended
pesticide residue in an agricultural commodity
or environmental compartment, (e. g. ground
water). See also pollutant. |
污染
1.物質中之微量不純物。2.化學或生物分析
添加於樣品中之外來物質。3.農作物或環境
中之不當之農藥殘留。 |
Control sample (field)
Sample from a field test plot to which no
pesticide was applied ( a zero rate sample) or
which received chemical treatments identical to
the test plots except for the test chemical. |
對照樣品(田間)
未施藥或施用非試驗藥劑之田間樣品。 |
Critical concentration
Lowest concentration of a pesticide in an
environmental compartment at which adverse
effects on organisms are likely to be observed
(95% probability) |
臨界濃度
可造成對等定環境區隔中生物體不良影響之
最低農藥濃度。 |
Critical load
Amount of a pesticide leading to a critical
concentration when received by an
environmental compartment. (US-EPA, 1992) |
臨界負載
造成特定環境區隔中農藥達到臨界濃度之
藥量。 |
Cumulative effect
Overall adverse change which occurs when
repeated doses of a pesticide have biological
consequences which are additive, (after Dufius,1993) |
累積效應
農藥連續施用造成對生物體累加的不良影
響。 |
Cut-off value
Numerical value set by regulatory authorities
representing the limit of acceptability for a
property or behavior of a compound for the final
step in tiered assessment, schemes. See also
trigger value. |
分界限值
由管制者針對階式評估策略所制定化學物性
質之可接受限值。 |
